The references to the Krnka meanings are below his letter. This number was only the serial number of the breech assembly. The breech block is marked with the serial number 11391 on the left side and on the interior of the swinging breech door. Blank, school and combat cartridge modifications. However, there are a relatively significant number of very well executed shortened three-band Krnka short rifles and two-band Krnka carbines out in the world. These guns are scarce in Russia and are practically never seen for sale in America. Nikolas persecuted large segments of his population, suppressed publications, forbade foreign travel and generally tried to eliminate progressive thinking and reverse the westernization of Russia. However, the real trump card of the English was their newly adopted Pattern 1853 Enfield Rifle musket, a reduced caliber .577 bore long arm with three-groove rifling and an adjustable 900-yard backsight. The left arm is fully extend, the musket rests in the hollow of the shoulder and the butt is slightly forward. This decision, and these sights, would carry over to the conversions of the rifles into M1869 Krnkas, although after the disappointing performance (to be kind) of the Krnkas against the Turks in the 10th Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878. The obverse butt is stamped with two illegible cartouches, the weakest likely the original percussion production cartouche and the slightly more legible one the mark applied after the alteration. The competition boiled down to that between the simpler Krnka and the more sophisticated Baranov. .. Evidence of the strength and survivability of the Krnka system can be seen in that, similarly to the fate of the French Tabatire series of rifles, many Krnkas which were removed from service subsequently saw new lives by being converted to civilian smooth-bore shotguns firing black powder shotgun ammunition, and continued in use among commercial hunters even into the middle of the 20th century. Twenty years later Russia again went to war with the Turks attempting to regain Bessarabia and, although they defeated the Turks (see, The disappointing results of the Crimean War signaled to the Russian command that it needed to hastily began equipping the troops with, In order to fully understand the Russian Krnka adoption and conversions, it helps to understand the models of the Krnka predecessor/parent rifles. The wide base faces the barrel to reduce the potential for injuring the loading hand when loading muzzle-loading rifles. It is unknown where the modification from 6-Line rifle to Krnka may have taken place but many, if not most such modifications were undertaken at the Ludwig Nobel St. Petersburg Machine-Building Plant. The M1868 Berdan I is not specifically or technically a follow-on rifle as it was developed and adopted concurrently with the M1869 Krnka series conversion rifles. Sylvester WebThe new Model 1857 had a 4.62-inch diameter of bore. So, Krnkas are, not surprisingly, found with missing rear sight leaves and missing sight leaf thumbscrews. The original Swiss Federal Rifle pattern rear sight, graduated to 1,200 paces remains in place and is fully functional, and what appears to be the original sling swivels are present on the front bow of the triggerguard and the middle barrel band. WebThe M1867 Russian Krnka was a breech loading conversion of the muzzle-loading Model 1857 Six Line rifle musket designed by Czech arms maker, Sylvester Krnka. The Russian M1856/67 Krnka offered here is in about VERY GOOD condition, particularly for a 19th century Russian military long arm. The metal shows even pinpricking and light pitting over most of the iron and steel surfaces, and the barrel and bands have a medium pewter gray patina with a thinly oxidized layer of brownish patina over this gray color along with a few patches of scattered oxidized discoloration. A variety of small Cyrillic characters, the marks of workmen and inspectors are found throughout the gun. The rifles cartridge consisted of a compound sleeve made of brass tape with an inner cup. Pulling the trigger releases an otherwise conventionally mounted back-action external hammer striking a nearly longitudinal firing pin, unlike that of its British and French contemporaries. Regardless, many, if not most, of the short-sight Krnkas were transferred after the war to the Bulgarians anyway. The rear sight was a distinctive feature, as it was a Swiss-style pivoting leaf of the same pattern that had been used on the Lige-made Russian M1843 Luttich Carbines, which were Belgian-made Russian contract copies of the British Brunswick Rifle. By late 1856, a 6-line muzzle-loading rifle was developed, its design based on the predecessor Russian 7-Line percussion smooth-bore gun. (To identify a Non-US issued / Black Powder Metallic Cartridge / Military / Rifle). As the Russian arms of the period were not fully interchangeable, assembly numbers were stamped throughout the guns. Product #: 1900440. The stock shows several grain cracks, including a pair that run through the bottom of the action diagonally, emanating from the triggerguard area, a diagonal crack along the counterpane and a tight grain crack behind the breech tang. Over the last decade I have only had the opportunity to offer a handful of 19th century Russian arms for sale and this is one of the more intriguing ones that I have ever had the opportunity to sell. This sub-assembly number appears on the bottom of the barrel and on the right side of all of the barrel bands as well. WebWinchester rifle is a comprehensive term describing a series of lever-action repeating rifles manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. It might be worth investing in some injected glue stabilization at some point to keep the gun from deteriorating in the future. Overall this is a solid, complete and attractive example of an extremely rare. The two primary rifles of the infantry were the M1856/69 "Marksman" rifle converted from the earlier M1856 6-Line rifles and identified by its long-leaf rear sight, and the M1858/69 "Infantry" rifle converted from the stocks of M1858 6-Line rifles, having shorter rear sight leaves. Four systems were considered, those of, Unlike much of Europe (but similarly to the United States) Russia never adopted a repeating black powder cartridge rifle, transitioning directly from the, The Russian conversion to the Krnka breech was a refinement of the M1865/66 Krnka rifle which had just previously been adopted by, Most of the conversion to Krnka work was carried out the Ludwig Nobel St. Petersburg Machine-Building Plant from 1869 into the early 1870s, while some work was done producing, Some authorities have indicated that after 1871 most of the Krnka rifles were converted from 15 mm to the Russian Berdan M1868 caliber, 10.6 x 58 but Hoyem disputes this and it is likely that the references to "converted to 10.6 Berdan" refers to the withdrawal of the Krnkas in favor of the more modern and much more effective, In general, the Krynka system was well developed for its time. Contemporary drawing of the M1867 Russian Baranov rifle. Predecessor Rifle(s): M1856 and M1858 Six Line Infantry Musket, This pictured rifle is a M1858 6-Line Infantry rifle, the M1856 6-Line Marksman rifle is identical except for a longer rear sight leaf. The buttplate of the gun is stamped on the bottom with the serial number 57135, which was the original percussion musket serial number. Photo Credit: User Nick Stanav viawww.gunboards.com/forums. See, During the Turkish hostilities the infantry regiments of the Russian army were armed with an assortment of rifles, even including muzzle-loading M1854 to M1860 6-Line rifles, but were primarily armed with Krnka rifles. The M1867 Russian Krnka ( ) was a breech loading conversion of the muzzle-loading Model 1857 Six Line rifle musket designed by Czech arms maker, Sylvester Krnka. The most obvious identifiable factors of the Krnka Dragoon rifle are its sling slots, and its shorter, rounded, knobby hammer, which is immediately noticeably different from that of the two long rifles. . These guns are scarce in Russia and are practically never seen for sale in America. Muzzle velocity when fired from the Marksman & Infantry rifles: Russian 6-Line muzzle-loading rifles were manufactured at all three Imperial weapons factories, It is estimated that some 620,000 or more Krnka conversions of various Russian 6-Line rifles were produced during this period, After the re-equipment of the Russian army with modern, As a side note, Russia also provided Bulgaria with 15,000 captured Snider rifles presumably. The examples that we have been made aware of or have personally handled and examined are clearly originally M1869 Russian army rifles, including hardware and markings. Add to Cart. Hne Heke (4,389 words) Wright's troops were armed with the new Springfield Model 1855 rifle-musket. Parts, Repair, Reloading & Shooting Supplies & INFO, (A Research, Photo-Identification and Information Website since 1997). Conversions were carried out at Lockplate of a foreign-purchased Russian M1856 or M1858 6-Line rifle subsequently converted to M1869 Krnka that has been re-altered to a short rifle the same dimensions as a Russian M1869 Dragoon rifle. Four systems were considered, those of Terssen, Albini, Baranov (substantially a license-produced Albini) and Krnka. However, the new design introduced a very English stock profile with a brass nose cap and clamping barrel bands, all of which were certainly a tip of the Russian ushanka (fur cap) to the English Enfield. Regarding the first two rifles mentioned above, it should be noted that the Russian Ministry of Defense, being advised by senior army officers, set the sight of the Infantry Rifle not at 1200 steps, but at 600 steps, the so-called "short sight" despite the rifles having identical ballistic performances. The metal shows even pinpricking and light pitting over most of the iron and steel surfaces, and the barrel and bands have a medium pewter gray patina with a thinly oxidized layer of brownish patina over this gray color along with a few patches of scattered oxidized discoloration. Add to My Saved Parts. The parent rifles' serial numbers are usually found on the side of the barrels near the breech, but may be located on either side of the barrel. condition, particularly for a 19th century Russian military long arm. WebMusket Rifles Traditions Classic Musket line have high quality premium metal and wood finishes including hand-oiled wood stocks. Touch device users can explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Model: 1857 PERCUSSION MUSKET RIFLE. Thus, a standard Krnka alteration will bear the serial number of the percussion gun on its butt, the serial number of the breech on both the bronze and steel components and a conversion assembly mating number on many of the parts. The Vereinsgewehr Rifle, comissioned and produced in 1857, was a rifled musket designed across three Germanic states: Baden, Hesse and Wrttemberg. The right side of the breech block is numbered with the conversion number 9073. The new design retained the French-style back action lock of the earlier M1845 muskets, which was retained by a single lock screw that passed through the front of the lock, screwing into a rounded triangular escutcheon on the counterpane and by a single spanner screw at the tail of the lock. Like so many other early conversion rifles, the transformation was carried out by cutting off and threading the back of the barrel and screwing on a receiver, (in the case of the Russian model; the receiver being bronze) fitted with a steel breech block containing the firing pin. Virgin Mosin-Nagant user vs. Chad Model 1857 Six Line rifle musket enjoyer . The Infantry and Marksmans rifles are virtually identical, at approximately 53.5 inches (1,360 mm) long with identical features and hardware except only for different rear sight. The Model 700 bolt-action's accuracy and dependability remain legendary more than 50 years since it was unveiled. It is full-length and fully threaded at the end. Even as early as 1867, Russians Colonel AP Gorlov and Captain KI Ginnis, together with American Colonel Hiram Berdan, were already well into the development of a smaller caliber (10.75mm "4.2 line") rifle with its associated modern brass cartridge, although it was still at least a year before it would be acquired and fielded, and then in small numbers. These had a range of 1,000 yards (910 m), more than 20 times the range It might be worth investing in some injected glue stabilization at some point to keep the gun from deteriorating in the future. After the re-equipment of the Russian army with modern M1870 Berdan II rifles, Bulgaria was supplied with an additional number of Krnka rifles and cartridges. WebThe design of the rifle. Revised May 24, 1999 A combination musket-style front sight and bayonet lug was located on the top of the barrel, slightly less than 1 from the muzzle, allowing the mounting of a traditional angular socket bayonet. It is estimated that some 620,000 or more Krnka conversions of various Russian 6-Line rifles were produced during this period concurrently with the adoption of both the short-lived, limited production M1868 Berdan I and the vastly more widely produced M1870 Berdan II. The striker is struck by the rifles new hammer which is mated to the existing M1856 back-action lock mechanism. In America, the solution was Erskine Allins Trapdoor system, in England it was the Snider conversion and in France it was the Tabatire. However, based on Russian sources we believe it to have been the short-leaf (600m range) sight. They were first used in defense of, and later in the assault on fortresses. 4) The M1860 Cossack Rifle ( 1860 .) The two rear sight leaves found on Krnkas are are the short (35 mm; 1.4-inch) elevating leaf correctly found on the full-length Krnka M1858/69 Infantry rifle, and the longer 70 mm (2.7 in) leaf found on the Krnka M1856/69 Marksmans rifle. The breech was opened by pivoting a steel block to the left. The M1856/69 Russian Krnka is another unique variety of lifting breech block conversion of muzzleloader to breech loader. The 90-degree hammer nose engaged this piece at both the half-cock and the fired position to keep the breech closed, requiring the gun to be placed on full-cock in order to load or unload it. In August, 1869, the Krnka Dragoon rifle was approved and these were effectuated by re-converting the Terri-Norman converted rifles to Krnka systems, thus unlike the Carl system rifles, none of the former ever went into service or distribution. Currently, we do not know with certainty the length of the rear sight leaf properly fitted on the M1859/69 Dragoon rifle, as most surviving Dragoon rifles pictured have had their sights removed. The neck of the bayonet has an oval cross-section. Double Rifle Twin-Shot Musket Long Gun 28 1854 M1859/69 Dragoon Rifle Photo: Credit: Russian Museum of National Military History. Like the earlier Russian M1828 and M1839 flintlock muskets, the new percussion M1845 drew heavily on French influences and bore a strong resemblance to the French M1842 Musket, down to the adoption of the back action lock, foregoing the forward action lock that remained standard in the United States, Great Britain and most of Europe, with the exceptions of France and Belgium. The rivalries among these countries reached its climax in the Crimean War (1853-1856) where Russia fought an alliance consisting of France, Great Britain Sardinia and Turkey. The rear sight leaves on Krnka rifles are held in place with very easily removed (and thus very easily lost) simple thumbscrews (see pics below). Reply . The Russians only ever converted their 6-Line rifles to the three models of Krnkas referenced above, the M1856/69 Krnka Marksman (or sharpshooter) rifle, the M1858 Infantry rifle and the M185(? Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. 68909, 15.2mm. Add to My Saved Parts. The original Swiss Federal Rifle pattern rear sight, graduated to 1,200 paces remains in place and is fully functional, and what appears to be the original sling swivels are present on the front bow of the triggerguard and the middle barrel band. Katalog, Makovskaja L[ila] K[onstantinovna], Moskva: Voennoe Izdatel'stvo, 1990, 1994, Page started March 10, 1999 The barrel bands were originally from a M1856 musket whose serial number ended with. WebIn 1858. a new production line with 28 skilled workers under the guidance of Mihailo Cveji was set up for converting some 15.000 old flintlock muskets to percussion system: in the first year only some 1,800 rifles were converted, then the production increased to 1.000 addapted rifles a month, so by 1863. THREE BAND RIFLE MUSKET, DATED 1864. Since the rifles were converted from old muzzle-loaders, the markings of the original rifles factories (e.g., Tula, Izhevsk) and serial numbers that do not match each other. About the Czech rifleman's rifle, which was re-armed by the tsarist army and which in 1878 definitively put an end to the Turkish threat to Europe. Quite rare This was specifically a result of the disbelief of the authorities in the infantryman's ability to hit targets at a long distance. WebModel 1853 Enfield rifle musket. Today. Yet other sources have suggested that the conversions were carried out both at all three of the three Imperial factories as well as at private enterprises, particularly in Kiev and Libau. Housed within the breech block is a very small nipple-shaped firing pin actuated by a much larger inertial striker. The British had adopted rifled arms for general issue to all line infantry regiments in 1851 with the Pattern 1851 Mini Rifle, and at the same time had taken their first steps towards a smaller bore weapon, as the .708 Mini Rifle was smaller in caliber than the earlier Pattern 1839 and Pattern 1842 .75 caliber British muskets. The most detailed information, with technical data, about the .60 Krnka cartridge. Revised September 26, 1999 M1856/69 Russian Krnka Marksman rifle ( ) Photo Courtesy: The nearly identical M1858 Infantry Rifle, We have been wholly unable to find any photo or drawing of the The M1859 Dragoon Rifle (. The Six Line percussion rifle musket remained the mainstay of the Russian infantry for a decade. Web0.54 in (14 mm) Action. Russian military setbacks during the early-mid 19th century forced the Russians to adopt somewhat reduced bore muskets with rifled barrels, leading the adoption the M1856 and related M1858 "6-Line" (.60 caliber) rifles. Explore. This rifle is a newly built M1869 Krnka rifle produced at the Izhevsk Arms Plant in 1870 and is not a conversion of an earlier 6-Line muzzle-loading rifle. The brass furniture has a deep golden color that is quite attractive. and the left side of the bands are all stamped with that number, as well as with the bow & arrow logo of the Sestroretsk arsenal where those components and the nose cap were produced. WebFrench Model 1857 Percussion Rifle-Musket Made at Liege. Overall this is a solid, complete and attractive example of an extremely rare Russian Model 1856/67 Krnka Rifle. It is Russia's conversion of their Model 1856 "Six Line" rifle musket (15.24 mm; the Russian "liniya" being equal to 1/10 inch, hence 6line = .60 Cal) by use of the system developed by Sylvester Krnka of Wolin, Bohemia (20th century Czechoslovakia, now the Czech Republic). Note the octagonal coupling fitted between the barrel and receiver of these correct Russian Dragoon Krnkas. Gan (alternate spelling: Hahn) designed an 8-Line fortress gun chambered for 20.3x95 mm of his own design utilizing the receiver and block of the Krnka system with a hammer mechanism of his own design. Is anyone able to help me decipher this cartouche? In particular, it was distinguished by a very strong bolt group - a similar design was used in the. Two considerations came into play: firstly, by the time of the adoption of the Krnka conversion of Russia's large stores of percussion muzzle loaders, the 4.2 line (10.75mm) Berdan I cartridge had already been proven and adopted, and secondly, Col. Berdan's early metallic cartridge conversion rifles (notably the Spanish Berdan series) had seen success utilizing his .577 Berdan cartridge. The blades have a triangular cross section, with a base much larger than the other two faces. For the collector of Russian muzzleloading muskets, this is the final example chronologically for your collection. The upper sling swivel of the infantry rifle is affixed on the bottom of the center screw-retained barrel band, the lower swivel mounting just ahead of the trigger guard in the manner of French rifles of the day. This is one of the scarcest guns that I have had the pleasure to offer for sale and a particularly intriguing example of a mid-19th century cartridge alteration of a Russian percussion musket. Product #: 1940180. Revised March 17, 1999 Revised February 19, 2000 In 1839, the Russian military adopted the percussion ignition system and by the early 1840s had undertaken a percussioning program similar to those in the United States and most of the European nations to alter existing stocks of flintlock muskets and rifles to percussion. It retains strong rifling and shows scattered light pitting and some frosting along its length. WebThe "a bolt action rifle must be an accurate sniper" stereotype is so stupid, I guarantee that a modern battle rifle is more accurate than a hundred years old bolt action service rifle. Model: 1857 PERCUSSION MUSKET RIFLE. For the collector of Russian muzzleloading muskets, this is the final example chronologically for your collection. Photos Courtesy of. 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