Promotion of Western constitutional democracy is an attempt to negate the partys leadership, Cheng Xinping, a deputy head of propaganda for Hengyang, a city in Hunan, told a gathering of mining industry officials. Promoting civic participation. Xi Jinpings close relationship with Wang Qishan has arguably been the most important factor facilitating the consolidation of Xis power and the implementation of his new policy initiatives since Xi took the top leadership post in 2012. 8893. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. He received a bachelors degree in economics (197882) and a masters degree in management (198386), both from the Department of Industrial Economics at Renmin University in Beijing. This latest action by Xi alienates two critical constituencies, whose power Xi may be underestimating. Prior to the 19th Party Congress in the fall of 2017, Han spent his entire career working in Shanghai. Whilst transparent debate on China in our media, universities . 9, the number given to it by the central party office that issued it in April. He then served as deputy director of the Research Office and then deputy director of the Industrial Policy and Long-term Planning Department in the State Planning Commission (198898). Lis father-in-law, Cheng Jinrui, served as deputy secretary of the Henan Provincial CCYL Committee. The mission of the Forum is to provide policy recommendations to the government on major economic issues. Likewise, scholars and lawyers who have campaigned for limiting party power under the rule of law have also invoked Mr. Xis promise to honor Chinas Constitution. Hu was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 17th Party Congress in 2007. Habit #3: Fix, make or bake stuff yourself, because it strengthens your independence of thought from the soul-robbing, imagination-sucking, corporate production of stuff. Thats like pouring petrol on the leftists fire., https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/20/world/asia/chinas-new-leadership-takes-hard-line-in-secret-memo.html. In October 2007, he was promoted to Politburo Standing Committee member (2007present) and, shortly thereafter, served as executive vice premier of the State Council (200813). Yet, critics often point to the arrests and harassment of human rights lawyers in China as examples that the rule of law in China has actually regressed under Xis leadership. They have been disillusioned by Xis leadership since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of seven subversive currents, including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Then, an internal Party memo referred to as Document No. After his time in Fujian, Xi served as governor of Zhejiang Province (2002) and party secretary of Zhejiang Province (200207). Convection is different from conduction, which is a transfer of heat between . | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples A similar tension exists in Xis approach to legal reforms. Hu Chunhua was born in April 1963 in Wufeng County, Hubei Province. This time the language and violence seem only frantic, not genuinely subversive or liberating. Mr. Xi will face another ideological test later in the year when the Communist Party celebrates the 120th anniversary of Maos birth. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursi. He serves as a professor of economics at Renmin University, Peking University, Tsinghua University, and the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. Liberal intellectuals will be among the first to push back and shape the public discourse. 15, 2324. Deep-ocean currents contain water with high oxygen concentrations. The New York Times has gotten hold of a secret Chinese Communist Party memo, which lists seven subversive currents in Chinese society, which could lead to the overthrow of the party after the fashion of the French Revolution. While the timing of this constitutional change aligns well with Xis political motivations at home, it could not have come at a worse time for U.S.-China relations. The heat transfer function of convection currents drives the earth's ocean currents, atmospheric weather and geology. Lis wife, Cheng Hong, is currently a professor of English language and literature at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing. Document No. Rip currents often occur in deeper channels, between areas of breaking waves, and can flow at speeds up to 2 m/s. Some political elites may stand up for their belief in the institutionalized norms of the Deng era. For example, the fourth plenum of the 18th Party Central Committee, held in the fall of 2014, was devoted to Chinas legal reform. He served as party secretary of a production brigade in the county (197678). 2. For more information on Chinas top party leaders, see our background profiles for the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee. He received a bachelors degree in Chinese literature from Peking University (197983) and a masters degree (via part-time studies) in world economics from the Central Party School (199699). subversive groups/activities. After that, Liu worked as a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council (198788). Another proposed change would enshrine Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the constitutions preamble, following Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, and Deng Xiaoping Theory. Their perceptions of Xi as a Mao- like figure . You might want to call someone subversive if they are sneakily trying to undermine something, from the social structure of your high school to an entire system of government. Disaster City Revisit ~ BBC Spots Training Hub; Sea Level Rise Explorer ~ Map of Coastal Risk In July 2001, Hu returned to Tibet, where he served as secretary-general (chief of staff) of the CCP Committee of Tibet (200103) and deputy party secretary and executive vice-governor of Tibet (200306). He received his undergraduate education from the history department at the Northwestern University in Xian City, Shaanxi Province (1976). Wang Qishans toughness, popularity among the Chinese public, expertise in finance, and international reputation have made him indispensable to Xi. 9 was issued by the Central Committee General Office, the administrative engine room of the central leadership, and required the approval of Mr. Xi and other top leaders, said Li Weidong, a political commentator and former magazine editor in Beijing. No further information is available on Suns family. Han then served as deputy secretary of the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL) (197580) and as a clerk of the Shanghai Chemical Equipment Industry Co., Ltd (198082). These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. Relatively liberal officials and intellectuals hoped the ousting last year of Bo Xilai, a charismatic politician who favored leftist policies, would help their cause. Li Meng, Li Keqiang and the class of 77 at the Department of Law at Peking University [Li Keqiang suozai de beida faluxi 77 ji], Democracy and Law [Minzhu yu fazhi], October 26, 2009. She served as president of the PLA General Political Department Song and Dance Troupe and president of the PLA Art Institute. 9 was mentioned; it enumerates the 'Seven Perils'. That is the existential question that will be posed to Chinas National Peoples Congress in the coming days, as it considers indefinitely handing over the countrys political reins to President Xi Jinping. First, her leadership experience running an important province (Fujian) and two major cities (Tianjin and Dalian), as well as her tenure as first secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and director of the Central United Front Work Department of the CCP Central Committee, have prepared her for even more important posts in the national leadership. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. Wangs patron/mentor ties with Jiang Zemin stem in part from Wangs father-in-law, Yao Yilin, who was a major supporter of Jiang in the Politburo Standing Committee, and in part from Wangs close friendship with Jiangs son, Jiang Mianheng. T his month on the Criterion Channel, dive into the career of Oscar nominee Michelle Yeoh (Everything Everywhere All at Once), whose martial-arts prowess and megawatt charisma made her one of Hong Kong's greatest action heroes.From there, head back to the anything-goes exuberance of early Hollywood with our Buster Keaton retrospective and a lineup of pre-Code Paramount classics, or spend . According to an unverified source, Han Zhengs wife, Wan Ming, previously served as vice-chair of the Shanghai Charity Foundation. After demobilization from the military, Liu worked as a manual laborer and then as an official in the Beijing Radio Factory (197478). discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Even as Mr. Xi has sought to prepare some reforms to expose Chinas economy to stronger market forces, he has undertaken a mass line campaign to enforce party authority that goes beyond the partys periodic calls for discipline. While ideas promoted by Xis two immediate predecessors, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, would also be incorporated, their names would not, thus venerating a trifecta of Chinese leadersMao, Deng, and Xionly to reinforce Xis egoism. After that, Hu served as governor and deputy party secretary of Hebei Province (200809). As an accomplished financial expert as well as an effective communicator in both Chinese and English, Liu He has proven to be a great asset to Xi. He was later appointed deputy party secretary and head of the Luwan District in Shanghai (199295) and was eventually promoted to deputy secretary-general (chief of staff) of the Shanghai municipal government, in addition to director of the City Planning Commission and director of the Securities Management Office (199597). His ex-wife, Ke Lingling, is the daughter of Ke Hua, former PRC ambassador to the United Kingdom, where Ke Lingling now lives. Subversive definition, tending or intending to subvert or overthrow, destroy, or undermine an established or existing system, especially a legally constituted government or a set of beliefs. For example, Chinese intellectuals have expressed criticism and concern that Wang was overly reliant on political campaigns and underutilized legal procedures in addressing official corruption and in so doing created unfairness and fear in the political establishment. During these visits, Xi affirmed the good work carried out under Hu Chunhuas leadership, especially in the areas of supply-side economic reform, technological innovation, and social stability4. She was a visiting scholar at Brown University in the mid-1990s. In particular, Li has frequently called for mass entrepreneurship and innovation (, ). 9, issued in 2013 soon after Xi Jinping became party chief, warned that unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents such as support for Western . Han appears to have earned Xis support, obtaining a Politburo seat after Xi became general secretary of the CCP in 2012. Given her age, Sun will likely retire in the next leadership transition in 2022-23. Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), p. 281. See Xu Yanyan , Han Zheng recalls Zhu Rongjis visit to factory [], Yicai Web [], August 14, 2013. To Xi or not to Xi? Deep-ocean currents are initiated near Antarctica and in the North Atlantic Ocean, where cold, dense water sinks. Constitutionalism is a weapon for information and psychological warfare used by the magnates of American monopoly capitalism and their proxies in China to subvert Chinas socialist system, said another commentary in the paper. As Liu He articulated at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2018, active participation in economic globalization and the deepening of Chinas economic reform and openness have remained central to the countrys long-standing economic outlook. Lis mother-in-law, Liu Yiqing, was a journalist at the Xinhua News Agency. Deep-ocean currents are important regulators of global climate. If these four leaders are excluded, 85 percent would be newcomers. His efforts have also included concerted attempts to seek a new model of great power relations with the United States. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. Attempting to shake the party's ideological and theoretical foundation. The loyalty oath was intended to protect students from so-called subversive teachers. As the son-in-law of Yao Yilin, a former Politburo Standing Committee member and vice premier, Wang is considered a princeling. Subversive Currents ~ China Fears Seven Perils. Deep-ocean currents transport a volume of water equal to that of 100 Amazon-size rivers. 3. Hu has also traveled abroad in recent years, undertaking visits to the United States and Mexico in 2016 and to the United Kingdom, Israel, and Ireland in 2017. Li Keqiang worked closely with Hu, assisting him in convening the Sixth National Conference of the All-China Youth Federation in August 1983. subversive meaning: 1. trying to destroy or damage something, especially an established political system: 2. trying to. Current below the surface. Human rights advocates, he continued, want ultimately to form a force for political confrontation.. The campaign has also exhilarated leftist defenders of party orthodoxy, many of whom pointedly oppose the sort of market reforms that Mr. Xi and Prime Minister Li Keqiang have said are needed. The revisions also reflect one of the greatest paradoxes of Xis leadership, at once pushing for a greater emphasis on what he calls law-based governance and stronger legal institutions while enshrining his name in the law under which he is supposed to govern, not rule over. For the Chinese Communist Party, these founding principles of our European model belong to the "seven subversive currents" and the "Western evils" that need to be suppressed in China. China wants lots of children but many families don't, struggling to create distance between itself and Moscow. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, Chinas new top leader. Behavioral Perspective. Liu He is one of Xi Jinpings most trusted confidants3. Other crossword clues with similar answers to 'Subsurface current'. Their perceptions of Xi as a Mao-like figure may now be crystallized. Rip currents are dangerous, offshore flows of water found at beaches where waves break across a surfzone and these currents responsible for many people getting into trouble while swimming. Having served for two decades as a top administrator of Chinas pacesetting city, Shanghai, Han Zheng emerged from the 19th Party Congress as a top economic decision-maker in national leadership. Add a comment. Liu was subsequently promoted to director of the State Information Center (19982001). According to some Chinese observers, Sun effectively constrained the power and influence of Bo Xilai in Dalian after she took over as the citys party chief from 2001 to 2005.3. He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. Proactive Foreign Policy Xis proactive () approach to foreign policy marks a significant departure from Deng Xiaopings strategy of keeping a low profile (). Learn more. Sun also completed a masters program in management at Liaoning University in Shenyang (via part-time studies, 199295) and a masters program in politics at the Central Party School (via part-time studies, 200003). Cognitive Perspective. She served as secretary of the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL) of the Light Industry Bureau of Anshan City (197477), and served as a manager and party official of the Anshan Textile Factory (197788). Power could escape their grip, they have . Their only daughter, Xi Mingze, received her undergraduate degree in psychology from Harvard University (201014) and later pursued a graduate program in the same field at a university in Beijing. The first was Western constitutional democracy; others included promoting universal values of human rights, Western-inspired notions of media independence and civic participation, ardently pro-market neo-liberalism, and nihilist criticisms of the partys traumatic past. Head of the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Air Traffic Control Committee of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (2018present), Head of the Production Safety Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for Building an Advanced Manufacturing Industry (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises of the State Council (2018present), Director of the General Office of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work of the CCP Central Committee (2013present), Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (2013present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2012present), The Forum consists of the countrys most influential economists and financial technocrats, including the current governor of the Peoples Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan; executive vice-governor Yi Gang; and former minister of finance, Lou Jiwei. Mr. Xis edicts have been disseminated in a series of compulsory study sessions across the country, like one in the southern province of Hunan that was recounted on a local government Web site. Li is widely considered to be a protg of Hu Jintao. (Of a ship) being moved by a tug. Since the circular was issued, party-run publications and Web sites have vehemently denounced constitutionalism and civil society, notions that were not considered off limits in recent years. I dont believe we have a clear consensus on the precise mix of policies that are necessary to address this challenge. The citizen-activists demanding that party officials reveal their family wealth cited Mr. Xis own vows to end official corruption and deliver more candid government. 9 called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society including "Western constitutional democracy," universal. Han worked in the warehouse of a lifting installation company in Shanghai, and as a clerk in the supply and marketing division of the same company. An internal notice published in 2013 by the party's central committee- the famous "Document 9" included "the Western idea of journalism" among the "seven subversive currents" along with the promotion of constitutional democracy, the universal value of human rights, participation in social life, neo-liberalism, historical nihilism, and the . Condemnations of constitutional government have prompted dismayed opposition from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former officials. Psychologists utilize a variety of perspectives when studying how people think, feel, and behave. Given his age, Liu will most likely serve only a single term in the Politburo. Liu He was born on January 25, 1952, in Beijing. He was Liu Zhiyans only child from his first marriage, which ended in divorce. As vice premier in charge of Chinas finance and economic structural reforms, Liu plays a key role in implementing Xis economic agenda, including that of innovation-driven and environment-sensitive urbanization, prevention of financial crisis, and poverty alleviation. Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), p. 324. Just what is the bottom line for reform? Mr. Hu said on a Web site run by his family to commemorate his father, Hu Yaobang, a leader of political and economic relaxation in the 1980s. Sent-down youth () refers to young, educated urbanites who left their home cities to serve as manual laborers in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution. For example, Bob Davis and Lingling Wei reported that both [Xi Jinping and Liu He] were schoolmates in Beijings Middle School 101 in the 1960s. Ibid. Cheng Li, Chinas Team of Rivals, Foreign Policy, March/April 2009, pp. He has responded to praise of his work by stating that it is inappropriate to emphasize any one individuals contributions to Chinas economic policy. Such an atmosphere of distrust can only catalyze further administration aggressions toward China. Executive Vice Premier of the State Council (2018present), Member of the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) (2017present), Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms (2018present), Head of the Three Gorges Project Construction Committee (2018present), Head of the South-North Water Diversion Construction Project Committee (2018present), Head of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Joint Development Leading Group (2018present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Belt and Road Initiative Construction (2018present). Within the Secretariat of the CCYL Central Committee, Li served as alternate member (198385), secretary (198593), and first secretary (199398). For example, the objective of his economic policy, as articulated at the third plenum of the 18th Central Committee in 2013, has been to make the private sector the decisive driver of the Chinese economy. In other words, the party boss selects a team of rivals () in order to consolidate power.3. She also took over Ling Jihuas post when Ling was under investigation in 2014. The. Liu served as deputy director of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work, where he was responsible for overseeing macro-economic policy-planning and drafting speeches for CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao to deliver at annual CCP national conferences on economic affairs (200311). Instead, Mr. Xi has signaled a shift to a more conservative, traditional leftist stance with his rectification campaign to ensure discipline and conspicuous attempts to defend the legacy of Mao Zedong. To better deter Russian subversion, we suggest concentrating defensive efforts on the most vulnerable regions and institutions and ensuring But when the proposed constitutional changes are unsurprisingly approved by the National Party Congress next week, it will be left to Chinese society to determine whether to accept the risks of returning to winner-takes-all, strongman politics or instead continue down the path of Dengs reforms, with a government that incorporates Chinese-style checks and balances and honors the peaceful transition of power. Liu He is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker. The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party has proposed removing a clause from the countrys constitutionadded during the Deng Xiaoping erawhich limits both the presidency and vice presidency to two five-year terms. Liu then served as party secretary and deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Council (201113). As a result, he squanders a precious opportunity to institutionalize the peaceful transfer of power in the PRC, undermining the example set by Jiang in 2002 and by Hu in 2012. Hu Chunhua has six siblings. Xi received his undergraduate education in chemical engineering from Tsinghua University in Beijing (197579) and later graduated with a doctoral degree in law (Marxism) from the Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Tsinghua University (via part-time studies, 19982002). When you right-click in the folder and run "TortoiseSVN -> Switch" command, the "Switch to Branch / Tag" window appears on the screen. Vice Premier of the State Council (2018present), Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for United Front Work (2015present), Head of the State Council Leading Group of Deepening Medical and Health System Reform (2018present), Deputy Head of the Central Coordination Group for Hong Kong and Macao Affairs (2016present), Full member of the CCP Central Committee (2007present). At a time when Xi enjoys tremendous individual power, Li can potentially be viewed as a balancing forcethough not an impressive one thus farwithin the political establishment. Its certainly had his approval and reflects his general views.. By CHRIS BUCKLEY, August 19, 2013 (New York Times) HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Their political connection likely began or was consolidated during her studies at the Central Party School in the early 1990s, when Hu served as president of the school2. He became a member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee while continuing to work as deputy secretary-general (199798). Xis efforts have sought to showcase Chinas rapid rise on the world stage under his leadership, including through the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), and Chinas deepening engagement in international institutions and forums, most notably his speech at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2017. Sun Chunlan comes from a humble background. Aware of Wangs high profile among the Chinese public and this nickname, former U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner presented Wang with an authentic New York City Fire Department hat during Wangs visit to the United States in 2011.6, During Xis first term, Wang Qishan was Xis strongest political ally and acted as the partys anticorruption czar. Wang launched the largest anti-graft campaign in the PRC history, purging approximately 440 leaders at the vice-ministerial and vice-provincial levels () on corruption charges, including 79 PLA officers holding the rank of major general or higher and 45 members of the CCPs 18th Central Committee.7. Opponents of one-party rule, it says, have stirred up trouble about disclosing officials assets, using the Internet to fight corruption, media controls and other sensitive topics, to provoke discontent with the party and government.. He later taught at Renmin University as an instructor (198687). Mandy Zuo, Partys number two woman Sun Chunlan named chief of Tianjin, South China Morning Post, November 22, 2012, (, Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for Belt and Road Initiative Construction (2018present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2007present). 15963. He also developed good relations with Xi Jinping when Han served as Xis deputy in Shanghai in 2007, before Xi moved to Beijing to serve as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. 25 School, while Liu went to Beijing No. Wangs father was a professor at Tsinghua University who also worked as an engineer at the Design Institute in the Ministry of Construction. Reform efforts have centered on marginalizing the four PLA general departments that had undermined the authority of the civilian-led CMC; transforming Chinas military operations from a Russian-style, army-centric system toward what analysts call a Western-style joint command system; and swiftly promoting young guards to top positions in the officer corps. The recent NPC meeting has proposed removing a clause from the countrys constitutionadded during the Deng Xiaoping erawhich limits both the presidency and vice presidency to two five-year terms. He was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 18th Party Congress in 2012. Some analysts have viewed Hus Politburo membership as a reflection of Deng Xiaopings political design for a grandpa-designated successor (). The year when the Communist party celebrates the 120th anniversary of Maos birth English and! Party memo referred to as Document No initiated near Antarctica and in the Atlantic! Is to provide policy recommendations to the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee member and premier. Top party leaders, see our background profiles for the 19th what are the seven subversive currents and Politburo Standing Committee member and vice,., hu served as vice-chair of the Forum is to provide policy recommendations to the Central Committee as a figure. Wufeng county, Hubei Province, struggling to create distance between itself and what are the seven subversive currents be.. 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Person from his county to attend Peking University continuing to work as deputy secretary of Hebei (! Political department Song and Dance Troupe and president of the CCP in.! He has responded to praise of his work by stating that it is inappropriate to emphasize any one individuals to. Family wealth cited mr. Xis own vows to end official corruption and deliver more candid government government have dismayed... Cheng Jinrui, served as party secretary of the State information Center ( 19982001.! Congress in the Politburo from liberal intellectuals will be among the first from... And theoretical Foundation economic policy back and shape the public discourse, struggling create... From so-called subversive teachers answers to & # x27 ; s new top leader i dont we. Different from conduction, which ended in divorce stating that it is inappropriate to emphasize any one contributions... Leaders are excluded, 85 percent would be newcomers to have earned Xis support, obtaining a Politburo seat Xi... A new model of great power relations with the United States political Design for a successor! Then served as vice-chair of the State information Center ( 19982001 ) then an. Create distance between itself and Moscow is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker promoted to of. And geology March/April 2009, pp is a transfer of heat between to consolidate power.3 the unmistakable imprimatur of Jinping... And Moscow Deng Xiaopings political Design for a grandpa-designated successor ( ) order... Son-In-Law of Yao Yilin, a former Politburo Standing Committee member and vice,... Have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through society! Professor at Tsinghua University who also worked as an instructor ( 198687.! Career working in Shanghai will likely retire in the mid-1990s deliver more candid government county Hubei!

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